Reference
About the data, precision & limits of validity
Every interpolated row and calculator output on Steam-Tables.com is sourced from one printed reference: the Rogers & Mayhew thermodynamic and transport-property tables. Here is exactly what we use, how we use it, and where the limits are.
primary source edition 5, 1995
Rogers, G.F.C., & Mayhew, Y.R.
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Fluids: SI Units, 5th ed. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-19703-4.
All tabulated values mirror the printed source verbatim. Interpolation is linear between adjacent rows.
Validity ranges
| Table | Range | Precision | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water/steam · sat. temperature | Tₛ ∈ [0, 374.15] °C | ±0.05% on h, s · ±0.01% on P | Triple → critical |
| Water/steam · sat. pressure | P ∈ [0.006, 220.9] bar | ±0.05% on h, s | Triple → critical |
| Superheated steam | T ∈ [100, 800] °C, P ∈ [0.01, 1000] bar | ±0.1% | Outside saturation dome |
| Super-critical steam | T ∈ [400, 800] °C, P ∈ [221, 1000] bar | ±0.2% | Above critical point |
| Mercury | T ∈ [0, 600] °C | ±0.5% | Liquid + vapour |
| Dry air (low p) | T ∈ [200, 2200] K | — | Ideal-gas limit |
| Cp of gases / vapours | T ∈ [200, 2200] K | — | 10 species incl. N₂, O₂, CO₂ |
| Molar properties | T ∈ [200, 2200] K | — | h̄, ū, s̄° |
Interpolation method
For any input value between two tabulated rows, the row is reconstructed using linear interpolation on every column independently. We never extrapolate beyond the tabulated range — a query outside the valid range returns an explicit error, not a silent estimate.
y(x) = y₁ + (x − x₁) · (y₂ − y₁) / (x₂ − x₁)
What this is — and isn't
- Built for students working through coursework and exam prep.
- Not a safety-critical tool. Don't use these values for plant design, pressure-vessel sizing, or anywhere a mis-interpolated row would matter.
- For high-precision work, use the IAPWS-IF97 formulations or your CAS of choice.
Disclaimer
Results from Steam-Tables.com must not be used for safety-critical engineering. By using the site you agree to the Terms & Conditions.